That group needs a 10g, absolute minimum, and a 20g would be better.
You absolutely need to treat tap water before using it for fish or you're slowly poisoning them. Living in chlorinated water is very painful for fish.
I don't think that's a bass, can you post a better picture? He looks more like a sunfish. If he is a bass, he's going to get very large and will need a large tank. If he's a sunfish, he's still going to need a large tank.
If your tank isn't cycled, he's probably suffering from ammonia burns. It's kinda like if you forced a land animal to constantly inhale smoke. The fact that he isn't eating those minnows means that something is very wrong with that fish.
The filter and air stone do absolutely nothing to make the water cleaner. They oxygenate the water, and the filter helps to remove solid wastes, but they don't make it okay to keep a lot of fish. You need to do a whole lot of water changes.
A 5g is very small. Those minnows will need more space as they grow, they look like shiners.
Your algae eaters are probably an aggressive species that will get quite large and attack your other fish. Also, they need a much larger tank and will starve once they start to grow, and they don't eat algae once they get past juvenile stage.
You need more hiding places so the fish won't be stressed. Get some fake plants, or even better, some real plants. That jar doesn't count as a hiding place, the fish can tell that it's transparent.
You'll want to do some research on whether or not it's legal for you to keep game fish where you live. In many states, it isn't.
You'll want to do some research, period. And don't trust your pet store, pet stores usually lie to get you to buy things. Remember, they make money if a fish dies and you come to replace it, and they often don't care if people end up with their fish suffering.
