The switch was probably a pilot switch which is why there was a neutral, normal single pole single throw switches do not get a neutral. If the switch was a 3-way you'd have 3 colored wires, 1 hot or switchleg and 2 travelers going to another 3-way, unless a 3-way was used instead of a simply because thats what the electrician had on his truck and not because a 3-way was needed in which case you only need a hot and a switchleg. Dimmers very by model as to whether a neutral is needed or not. One black is your hot and the other is your switchleg.
You never switch the neutral. In homes it standad practice for 2 circuits of different phases to share a neutral, if you switch the neutral and turn the switch off you ceate an opene neutral. In this situation the neutral will carry 120v and each device on the 2 circuits are receiving 240v or 208v depending on whether the building is fed by a delta or wye on the secondary side of the transformer.