No filter in a planted tank is possible but you'll be limited certain plants. I currently have a 110 gal tank set up in an enclosed patio with plenty of natural light. The setup has no lighting, no filter and no heater. I use it to grow out moss, anubias and java fern. Rotala rotundifolia is surprisingly doing well. Ludwigia and bacopas grew but slowly melted.
If you do not like surface movement, I'd go with a small canister filter where you can run the return spout well below the surface. I've seen small canisters intended for 5 gal tanks made by eheim and fluval. Afraid I do not know the model.