

Above, a 55 gal tank heavily planted with Vallesneria in the states, ....no CO2, with just a shop light, bulbs from Home depot, but a bit of flow, and a little afternoon sun, back in 2013
Below my 125 gal planted sump today, for a 180 cichlid tank, here in Panama, no CO2, no artificial lights (just sun), no ferts, just beach sand, allowing leaf litter to remain from garden leaf fall.


I choose plants that match the water pH, mineral, and salt content, such as vals, and Hydrilla, and mangroves because my water come from a desal plant, and I´m 50 ft from the pacific (Salty air).
Mangroves emergent from the sump.

Lilies and salvinia also work in hard, high pH water, and provide a little shade during intense afternoon sun.
