if you are referring to an overhead "black-light" vs a store purchased UV sterilizer, then yes, there are many differences.
Black light will make different colors (colours for us who can spell) stand out more, as it's produced entirely different to a UV(sterilizer) bulb, the black light is too dull. UV-sterilizers are a lot stronger in lumans and are enclosed in a box to shorten the wavelengths thus killing any micro-nasties
Also, with reptiles, if you have the UVa and UVb lights, it doesn't travel thru glass, so if it was to sit on your tank, you would have to make sure there were no lids...
If you wanted something to kill the nasties, then buy a UV-sterilizer it can kill most bacteria, as well as helping with green water.