Genetics - diet - water quality. IMO in that order.
With regards to color, it doesn't matter how great the genetics are, or the water quality, if you feed your fish a diet lacking in essential nutrients, including raw ingredients that contain natural color enhancing agents. In captivity fish are not capable of producing carotenoid and xanthophyll pigments, therefore these must be supplied in the diet.
As an example, last year I purchased a stunning young male midas that I *thought* was an xanthic morph, it was as yellow as a lemon, with the odd white patches. Never seen anything like it. All of its siblings were lemon yellow as well, and the owner had several of them, all semi-adults in the 5-8" range. The owner was feeding a low quality bulk farm feed, which made me go hmmmm, but I couldn't imagine that it was so low in color enhancing agents (natural or synthetic) that it caused what should have been an orange & white creamsicle midas, to appear to be xanthic. Within 1 week of placing this fish on a properly balanced diet the answer started to become clear - it was shifting from lemon yellow, to tangerine orange. In less than 30 days it had transformed to a stunning orange & white "creamsicle" midas. Neither genetics nor water quality improved this fishes color from the lackluster diet that it had been raised on.
Having said that, most of the tropical fish foods currently on the market contain enough color enhancing agents to produce fairly consistent color in most fish. Some are better than others, some contain enough synthetic astaxanthin (Carophyll Pink) to turn a fish that is naturally yellow, to orange/pink.
Sometimes even genetically inferior fish can be made to look good using artificial color enhancement via the diet.
A prime example of this .....
http://www.monsterfishkeepers.com/f...My-Red-Discus-Before-amp-After-Carophyll-Pink
You won't get those kind of results via water changes.
