My Cryptoheros panamensis have finally paired up after raising them from fry 1.75 year ago. Starting from 6, I have one male and 2 females left. The bigger fish, about 3", is the male, and the smaller fish is a female. Both sex develop a small hump, and surprisingly, the females have slightly bigger hump. The pair is fairly tough, and will stand up against fish much bigger. They have been in courtship for a while, but so far no breeding.