I have 2 eheim 2217 and both make a loud rattling sound and one of them is a new filter, need to lubricate the impeller from time to time? cant find the problem no air in the filter i shook it all out.
Take the motor housing off and slide the impeller out. Check for any debris or damage to it. I believe the 2217 you can just grab the impeller and pull and it will slide out.
also check that the white impeller shaft is in good condition and seated properly . . . a couple times in the past I had this problem, and it turned out the impeller was broken, or that the rubber gaskets on either end were worn out . . .