Depends how useful you are imagining it. They will allow bacteria to colonize. They just won't be as efficient as if you had water directly flowing through them.
Well, they're completely wet, but they float right at the surface. They're in a sump so there's a lot of water movement.
They are these synthetic open-cell plastic ones from the dollar store. I've rinsed them and they have been in use in other tanks as well. They do house bacteria well.