For many people, a 10ppm nitrate concentration may be fine.
I prefer mine to be below 5ppm, or as close to non-detectable as possible, so I do 30-40% every other day, when possible.
Because i live in Panama where my fish come from I check the nitrate levels in their natural waters, and nitrates are almost always non-existent,

Above, The results the last time I checked the nitrate on my tank.
Some breeders do 90% every day, to get maximum growth, so the idea of too large a water change, is somewhat odd to me, in nature fish are in almost constant water changes.
As long as you match temp, and dechlorinate they should not harm fish.
The only other problem is if your water parameters are drastically different from one water change to the next .
And this is usually an indication that that the frequency of water changes, which keep water parameters stable, is not often enough.
An example of this, might be if pH dropped from 7.5 to 6 between the last change, this would indicate too much time has elapsed between water changes, and allowed the tank to become more acidic.
Water changes are not only effected by time, but the alkalinity (buffering capacity) of your make up water.
If tap water has a low alkalinity, more frequent water changes may need to be done, than if tap water has a high alkalinity.
Low alkalinity water is less able to neutralize the acids produced in fish waste.