Id like to make an artificial coral rock for my new salt tank to add some hiding places for the fish but I was wondering if cement will have any adverse effects on the water parameters and if so is there any way to prevent this
It will raise the ph of your water. Soak the cement in water until the ph readings are normal (could take a while) then it should be safe to add into your tank.
It depends on how much cement you use. Just keep checking the pH of the water after doing multiple water changes. I'd recommend doing this in a separate tub of water.