gars are facultative air-breathers, at warm water temps and/or higher levels of activity they breathe atmospheric air using a modified gas bladder along with dissolved O2 via the gills. when they are levels of very low activity and water temps are low (lower water temps hold more dissolved O2 in most scenarios) they rely on their gills for respiration. bowfin are the same way. bichirs and lungfishes, however, are obligate air-breathers--
--solomon