It sounds like you are speakign of a "Hang On Back" or "Power Filter"...
If you monitor the return flow, the bulk of the current is pushed across the surface fo the tank, down the front glass, across the substrate from front to back, hits the back wall and pushes waste/debris up toward the intake...
With a strong enough HOB in a small enuogh tank, this creates a rolling current that works very well for mechanical (as well as bio & chem) filtration. Though in larger tanks the HOB is rarely strong enough for the current to have enough force to carry it all that way. We also usually have some decor breaking up the flow...