I keep hearing the term "gold" attached to the name as if it's the name given for a locale or variant, but then I see purple and white ones, so what are the locale/color names on those?
The ocellatus gold is from Isanga. But there are two variants from Isanga. Isanga blue and Isanga gold.
When you find fish labelled as ocellatus Isanga it's in the most cases the blue variety. The golden ones from Isanga go normally as ocellatus gold without location except for wild caught ones.
There are more variants. Most of them are listed here.