Check to see if your filter is changed out. See if you can get a filter that has those black rock type part of it. Those should take care of the nitrate issue.
As far with extra nitrite in your tank, check to see if you had clean out the rocks for any bio mass that the fish had left behind, if that is the case, then you need to clean that out and flush it. Make sure you don't have too much plants in the tank as well, since if those dies it will produce nitrite as well.
Good luck.
In my tank, I have nothing except a log and a few stone. One LMB and that's it, water is always clear even when the fish feels like being a pooping machine that week. I do w.c. every week, about @25% and this not because the water is dirty, it's just that I am trying to simulate the conditions it came from, the river. Where it came from always has a tide change.