Few problems with this... I mean great way to think outside the box, I don't want to be the wet blanket, but my concerns would be:
1) The contoured shape of most of them would present you with some fabrication challenges.
2) $300 is NOT cheap for sealing a plywood tank. I assume you'd only be using a 3 foot section or so of the insert, as a 6 foot tall tank is fairly impractical. 5 gallons of fiberglass resin, 10 yards of mat, and a gallon of gelcoat would come in around the same price, and is enough to do a MUCH, MUCH larger tank than could be done with a shower stall. So unless you were salvaging one for very cheap, it's not really that cost effective.
3) Building a tank to suit a solution is a great way to be thrifty sometimes, (like using a deep freeze or a salvaged holding tank, or something), but in this case I think there are other ways to get a tank with exactly the dimensions you want without spending any more money.
Something that would be an interesting alternative, with a similar kind of vein would be using the fiberglass siding they use to make RV's. That white fiberglass sheeting would be a great material to line a plywood tank of any size with, and bond the corners with Sikaflex window sealant, or Dow 832 or one of the other plastic bonding silicones.