Ok heres something thats been bothering me. how do overflow boxes work. i mean apoart from the siphonh. what stops them from over siphoning or under suphoning? and how do DIY pvc ones work?
The same way your gravel vacs work. I had a pvc set up for a long time, but when I moved I dismantled it. It is all based on water pressure. Water wants to be "equal" so when your pump raises the water in the tank the pressure forces water through the siphon and into your sump. When you turn the pump off the boxes pressure equalizes stopping the flow. This is of course the simple way to look at it.
For my pvc setup I had holes drilled down the pvc and I had a valve right before it got to my sump so that I could control its flow. It is a pain compared to todays fancy overflow boxes.