Yes you can, but as stated above it's basically the same thing. I really don't even consider the media different, it's basically a sponge and some biomedia.
I bring one in from the pond during the winter and and put it in a sump, and run it just to keep it seasoned.
But it really doesn't perform any different or better than anything else.
Bit dark but you can see the housing on the left.
In my mind, a pond filter is simply a big aquarium filter. Not a lot of us have aquariums as big as ponds, but if you look at the set ups of the people that do many are using pond type filters. Media is media to me. If it holds BB it is good.