First, I suspect that this material is actually pumice granules. I use this stuff for my orchids and it is available at most nurseries for pennies. With regard to " nitrates", per se, they appear to be claiming that the pore structure allows for the colonization of anaerobic bacteria...which would then convert nitrate to N2 gas. Generally, any pore which was deeper or longer than about 3-4 mm might be able to harbor bacteria which could escape the efficient diffusion of oxygen. The problem though, is that these bacteria would also escape the efficient diffusion of nitrate and other required metabolites...I guess. To me, the pivotal question is...if oxygen is not capable of diffusing to these pockets of bacteria, how is the nitrate able to reach them? I would ask Seachem. My sense is that deep, isolated pores are a double-edged sword which defeats much of their intended function and useable surface area. On the other hand, I have never used Matrix in a filter, so I don't have any actual experience or practical knowledge with/of this product. I tend just to rely on the wcs, since I have to do these anyway.