Some of the things to look for are that males generally when dominant will be completely blank with blue dots around their eyes whereas females generally have a blue line around their eye and more blue on their gills. They are obviously not as heavily built as males and don't get as big long term. For younger specimens it might be to hard to tell.
Here is the female next to a tiny male that I have been growing it is only now after 8 months and at 4.5 inch that I know he is a male again due to the blue dots around his eyes.
No the only way to tell is by venting, breeding, and behavior. There are no psychical difference between them. The two thar LS showed are from two different breeds and just have different coloration. Some people say you can tell by the fin points but clearly this is untrue.