use it straight if you want to get the job done. What gets the job done is vinegar's super low pH (less than 1.0, if I remember correctly). Tap water has a pH around 7.0-7.8 and as you know is useless for removing calcium deposits. If you go with a 50/50 mix, you end up with a solution around 3.0-3.5. What that does is greatly reduces vinegar's cleaning ability.