Hello; With the additional information you gave, much will depend on how well you have cleaned the tank and the things used in it. As stated by others, in the future, save some filter material and/or substrate from an established tank to reseed the bb into the cleaned tank.
I keep a sponge filter running in one of my tanks. I bought some replacement sponge material that is thin enough to have two layers. If I need to set up a new tank quickly I can place one of the layers in the new tank. I also have a HOB filter with two slots for filter media and can pull one for a new setup. Some gravel from an established tank in a mesh bag can do the same.
If you cleaned things too well it may be that you will have started a new cycle at some level. The live plants are very likely to have some bb on their surfaces. Perhaps not enough to prevent a mini cycle, but likely enough to give the cycle a good start.
If you have the old gravel in a bucket it may have some bb still on it's surfaces if it was kept damp and not too much time has passed.
The bb are reported to stick well to surfaces and should stand simple rinsing. If you only rinsed the equipment and did not let it dry out, there may still have been some bb stuck to the surfaces.
In any event the bb will need their food, the ammonia, and the fish waste is a main source of that. The fish may do better in the tank than in a metal bowl, as from your description the bowl is not likely to have any bb. It may be that once yoy get the temperature in the tank right, the fish will be as well off in the tank.
Check the water parameters of the tank for ammonia after the fish are added. Reduced or no feeding for a few days can help keep the ammonia levels down and some water changes will help to dilute it. You may be faced with a new cycle if this is your only tank. If another cycled tank is available you can get some bb from that.
A member posted recently about using septic system stuff such as RID-X to seed a tank. I have not tried this myself so cannot verify that it is safe. Perhaps a search???
Good luck