We are planning on building a tank 300x100x80cm (118x39x31") out of plywood. But in all the threads we have read, people always build a large frame aound it to reinforce the structure all around. So now we wonder why all this is needed when a glass-tank is only kept together by silicone?
its really a good idea when you are dealing with that sized tank to go overkill with supports and reinforcement too. the cost of a few 2x4's far outweighs the price you pay if your tank gives out. like what has been said, glass doesn't bow like wood or even acrylic can do without proper support.
Adding a bit of framing is good to help prevent bowing, especially if you can keep it on the inside of the tank so you don't have ugly ass framing all over your tank. Some people really take it to extremes. With a tank the size of the one you're talking about you should be fine with some minor internal bracing, and good quality (not exterior pine) 3/4 or 1" ply.