1. will height of the tank affect its growth more than the length/width?
Height of the tank is important so your altums don't get stunted. These fish have been known to grow up to 18 inches height in the wild, though they are closer to 12 inches in the aquarium. Try to go for a tank no shorter than 2 feet tall, preferably 2.5 feet tall.
2. are yours sensitive or are they hardy? what are we doing differently that causes this?
They are extremely sensitive upon new import - they come from extreme low pH in the wild where most bacteria is inactive and thus don't have the immune system to deal with most common aquarium bacteria. The most common #1 altum killer in the aquarium is columnaris. You will need to keep them in pristine, disinfected water upon arrival and allow them to slowly build up their immune system. During this period of time, try not to introduce anything new into the tank as even a new tankmate or decor from another aquarium can carry columnaris bacteria and wipe out your altums. After a few months of careful care, they will be as hardy as rocks.
3. how many is a school? some people tell me that 4 is max.
I kept 6 together for years until 1 developed pop-eye and passed on earlier this year. The rest are 3 years old and still going strong together.
I have been raising batches of altums for 3 years already, and they are truly a challenge to keep well and alive when they first arrive. However, the joy and satisfaction of raising a batch to adulthood, and the sheer beauty and regality of them are almost unparalleled...only matched (in my opinion) by top quality wild discus.