How would it relate to insufficient Bio media? BB makes nitrates (essentially.) A quick refresher- bb converts ammo->nitrite and nitrite->nitrate. That is the last step in the nitrogen cycle. Either I am missing something or you are misinformed.
You are missing something. What youve described is nitrification (aerobic bacteria). The next step is DEnitrification, in which ANaerobic bacteria breaks-down nitrAtes into free nitrogen. There is more to it, but that's the basics.
edit: So if you have bio media that is highly porous, like Matrix, and a reasonable flow rate, you can naturally reduce nitrates. Again, I do.
I'm also abit confused how high turn-over rates, and biomedia play any part in nitrate levels lowering.... If I didn't have a high turn-over rate my tanks would be plagued with ammonia and nitrite issues, because my bio-media woulnd't have access to the ammonia and nitrite before them came to lethal levels.. and convert it to nitrates. which are then removed by regular water changes ( Aquarium water chemistry 101 )
Now for 102, lol. Anaerobic bacteria lives in low/no oxygen environments, so one option is a highly porous media paired with a low flow rate (dwell time). Seachem explains it best in the product description for Denitrate.
Back on topic, Nitrifying bacteria also does better by maximizing dwell time, i.e. low flow rate. Mechanical filtration does usually requires a high flow rate, so there is a balance.