What is a biotope?

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I personally try and keep fish found in similar environments.
Agree
There are of course, similar habitats across the globe, so mixing certain species may not always be problematic.
The African rift lakes have similar water parameters to much of Central America's, high pH, mineral rich environment.
So from a purely chemical perspective, no biggie.
The problems "can" become evident when trying to combine soft water species that have evolved less immunity to the certain bacteria found in hard water habitats.
The bacteria that easily causes HITH more often in Amazonian fish, because they have not needed to develop resistance in those soft water, high tannin conditions that prevent its proliferation in the Amazonian natural habitat.
So combining severums, Amazonian Geophagines, and others from water like this.
58D5FF9B-7535-49F4-AEAA-3FFC11DC0A2B_1_201_a.jpeg
With Herichthys or Vieja, from very different water like the data below, can be problematic, on a microbiological level, especially in combination with unnatural high nitrate levels found in most aquaria.
831F57A2-B5A0-4575-8C14-5F8384697AF5_1_201_a.jpeg
But biotope awareness might even come into play for fish from the same river.
Many Geophagines come from fast flowing rheophillic conditions, whereas severum, and angels prefer oxbow low flow environments, and combining them in one or the other can cause stress.
This to me, is why simple awareness of biotopes is key to an optimumally healthy tank.
 
currently i only keep new world tropical fish, just my preference
but i would like a old world tropical fish aquarium someday, maybe some archer fish
 
Many Geophagines come from fast flowing rheophillic conditions, whereas severum, and angels prefer oxbow low flow environments, and combining them in one or the other can cause stress.
There are fewer rapid water geo species in the hobby than types which are not. Also, in the second Rio Negro video I linked above, if you're sharp-eyed enough you can see bits of leaves, etc. zipping by in the Heros scenes. Not river rapids, but also obviously not low flow, oxbow habitat. It's often similar in wild underwater Heros footage, so not living in the rapids doesn't require low flow, they (and fish like geos that are frequently found with them) obviously live in variable current conditions-- which I expect varies by season, not just location.

Anyway, before someone goes away believing that geos don't belong with severums or angels they should read the article linked below and see that Geophagus and Satanoperca species are frequent wild companions to discus, angelfish, Heros, Mesonauta, etc., making them "biotope" in many instances, and Heiko Bleher, a true expert on these fish in the wild, suggests them as suitable tankmates. Obviously, how well this works in a home aquarium will depend on tank size and other factors, but I'd add that Geophagus and Heros or Geos, Heros, and wild scalare angelfish often make excellent tankmates in my experience.

https://www.practicalfishkeeping.co.uk/features/articles/definitive-guide-to-discus-part-two
 
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