Besides a vacuum, couldn't one just use a valve and manual pump, like a reverse bicycle hand-pump?
They make hand vacuum pumps that are basically reverse bicycle pumps. The only problem is they are limited on the amount of vacuum they can pull. Whatever you used would need to be able to pull enough vacuum to lift the weight of the water in the tank. A 30g tank still has about 250lbs of water in it.
The turtle(s) would pose a problem. Air spaces left in the bottomless tank have significantly lower oxygen contents because they come into equilibrium with the level in the water.