A sump alone is not a filter.
A sump is a box to put gear like heaters and pumps (just like the shell of a HOB filter, or the can of a canister.
It's what you put in the sump that makes it a filter.
Some people put chambers is sumps, some do not.
I do not, I use filter socks on on outflows to the sump for mechanical filtration, put lots bio-media in mesh bags for things like matrix, or lava rock for bio.
I also put plants on sumps to help remove nitrate.
Some people have shallow water in sumps, some don't.
I like to run my sumps a full as they can get, but not enough to overflow during a power outage. (but this has more to do with placement of overflows than actual water level.
Ease of cleaning my filter media is how I design my sump.
If its easy to clean, it will be done more often.
You can also run more than one tank on a sump if its large enough.