I have 6' long x 2.5' high tanks made from 10mm glass, they have double bottoms, bracing on the sides, and round and across the top, have had them for years, no problem
A tank that is 80 x 37 x 20.5 inches can work safely (3.5 safety factor) with 10mm glass. Keep in mind that the height is the distance from the top of the water to the bottom of the water, so in a practical sense (depending on how the bottom of the glass is set and how much room needs to exist at the top of the tank for atmospheric gas exchange) one could come pretty darn close to 21.5 inches.
24 inches pushes this envelope however, effectively reducing the safety factor by around 30% (3.5 to 2.5) and is something I would only personally do if I knew it was new glass from a reputable glass maker and if someone with expertise could ensure the bracing was very good to excellent. It's taking calculated risks which is probably something I personally would leave to experienced builders.