A few of these species have obvious gender differences when simply viewed from the side
Above left female Vieja breidhori, right male.
Below left female motaguense, right male
The lack of spots on female Parachromis compared to spots on the gill plate of males, is a Parachromis sort of generic trait in varying degress
below female dovii left, male right
Male P managuense below
Note the spots on the gill plate and lower jaw