It just doesn't add up. How is a species with uber-aggressive males going to ensure its continued existence when the males are simply too aggressive to spawn? Shouldn't the aggressive gene have been selected against ages ago, according to natural selection? I don't see how the aggressive gene helps the population in any way whatsoever. I'm posting this out of sheer frustration with my male Teleocichla (?) centrarchus. He's the one and only wife-hitter I've ever had. Even typically aggressive Central American cichlids were never like this. Earlier today I removed every damn piece of crushed coral in the tank and added some Indian almond tree leaves (used in the same way as blackwater extract), in the hope that the male would be stimulated to spawn with the two females residing with him. And the result? He's still attacking them like ever before. The leaf litter now provides a lot of cover for the females, but he nevertheless seeks them out and chases them. And don't blame the tank size; it's a 60x30x45, and that's more than enough space for a trio of fish that barely exceed 3" in length at adulthood. I think the male I have is a freak. A mentally unsound freak.