Wow, I started this thread awhile ago! In answer, I did figure out why my goldfish kept dying - it just so happened that the two tanks I was trying to keep goldfish in I had resealed not long before... and I realized months later I had mistakenly used the silicone with mildew inhibitors, which must have been poisoning my fish. I didn't even think about it at the time because I had other tanks I had resealed that were fine, and I didn't even realize the tube I used on those two tanks was the wrong stuff. After a couple months whatever was toxic must have depleted because I have been able to keep fish in that same tanks since then, but for a good couple months everything I put in died a slow death.
Now I currently have 6 medium fancy goldfish in my 40g breeder, headed for my 75 hex (the one that killed the previous gf, but now is ok, so far as I can tell).
And in response, yes you can do planted, but it's difficult. There are some accounts on Instagram of people who have gorgeous planted fancy goldfish tanks. I think the key is being willing to constantly replant, and also using large stones so they can't mess too much around roots. Or try growing pothos, arrow plant, etc. from the top and protect the roots with shower baskets or pond planters.