I have seen a tropical pond that like this. I can't remember how many gallons, but it was well over 10k. It was broken off into different sections with wide open areas and areas that had hiding spaces (he used driftwood for some to stick out and broke up cinder blocks in others). It was populated with a school of oscars for preds and different colonies of small cichlids and live bearers for the smaller end of the food change.
He stared out with too many small fishes, and let the predators weed them out. Cool concept, but it's long term stability was questionable.
you would need many, many pairs of extremely prolific breeders like cons, platys, mollies....fish of that nature. i would also imagine you would need to still substitute the preds diet with other foods.
only way i could see it working it stocking a HUGE pond with only a couple preds, but literally a few hundred breeders and maybe even shrimps too. long term sustainablility is extremely questionable, but hey, someone has to perfect a mini-made-made-eco-system one day