This is not true...
Aquarium pumps and filters use a "magnetic drive" impeller assembly. The motor turns at it's given rate and turns the impeller via a magnetic connection. If/When the impeller is slowed down, the motor continues to turn at it's given rate, the impeller just skips a revolution.
So do not hesitate to use a ball valve or similar to slow down the flow of your canister filter...
On "Straight Drive" pumps, such as most pool pumps, slowing the flow rate with backpressure will put excessive wear on the pump resulting in any number of problems...