There got have been something that got in to the water for this type of instant reaction to happen. If this was me I'd do a 75% water change and reassess the situation.
How long has it been up and running?
The tank has been up for 5 months and I have not changed the water at all or even washed the HOB filter for almost 6 weeks as my 120L had 4 filters going - a canister, an internal uv filter, a HOB and an internal ammonia detoxifier filter. Hadn't had any fishes died in the last 4 months.
Found the HOB and the 2 internal filters all clogged, so I decided to clean them up as I saw lots of fish frys...
Took the HOB and internal filters out, wash and scrub them in aquarium water.
Set the HOB and UV back to its place. Prepare the 20L of water with 10ml of dechlorinator and 1 teaspoon of Seachem Neutral Regulator. Slowly top it up by placing a cup of the new conditioned water at a time. 20 minutes later, I noticed most of the fishes started grasping for air at the surface. I initially thought they were doing what they normally did when I went near the tank so I ignored them and went out.
Came back 2 hours later to see all of the fishes and shrimps at the surface and some were flipping themselves at the water surface. Almost 20 fishes were dead.
Honestly I had no idea what to do. The thermometer indicated 30.5deg C. PH was 6.6, Ammonia was 0.02ppm...
Touch the filters, they felt warm. Touch the water flowing out of the filters, it felt higher than 30.4deg C, almost like 38deg C.
So I threw in ice packs to lower the temperature and turned off the filters. That didn't seem to work.
Threw in air stone since the filters were turned off. And after a while, the fishes all went back to normal.
It's been 27 hours now, and they are all fine now which is really weird