So, on a spur of the moment visit to my local fish store I bought a shark.
G'head, read that sentence a few times and tell me where you see the red flags. 
It is about 4in. I was told the it is a smaller species then they noramlly get in as it was smaller then the normal size juvi they get in.
Ok while that is "possibly, a little bit true"... overall they gave you a line of horse**it. Now, while pups average in size at birth, variations are not uncommon either, even human babies go above and below the averages... all the time...
BUT, 4 inches is rather concerning (if you are measuring properly and he is in fact that small). That's not just a runt, that's a removed-from-it's-casing-prematurely-and-yolk-sack-cut-so-it-could-be-sold--runt.
Like human babies, premature sharks do happen, and if far enough along in their development, they do have a rather good chance at survival if in the best of care.
But, when they are premature because of greedy suppliers who extract them as soon as the "egg timer" ding's letting them know they are old enough to survive long enough to ship, or if they are premature because of mishandling the casings..... Their chances are drastically lowered, not to mention the stress of shipping, acclimations (if even done properly), dealing with tank mates, at the mercy of FS employees, and then brought to your home - the consumer.
This is a terrifying trend which is rather new, but horrifying none the less. With more and more individuals within this hobby becoming educated on shark keeping, and conservation, and more reluctant to take retailers "for their word"; collectors, suppliers, and retailers alike have started devising plans to bridge the deficit they have encountered, and one shocking move has been introducing "smaller breeds", and "Dwarf Species" - which, scientifically, are non existent for those animals. Instead, they are immature pups - of the same species - which are harvested prematurely and sold off.
I was told it is a cat shark, and now that I am looking around this site, it appears to be a marble shark, but not quite the same.
Ok well one thing you should know is that "Cat Shark" is used as a catch-all for a plethora of sharks (mainly by LFS's). By Marble shark, are you referring to what is also known as (and more commonly referred to) a White Spotted Bamboo Shark? Marble, and "Cat" Shark are common nicknames.
Anyway, the shark is not eating. I have heard and read it can take up to a week to get it to eat.
When they are first born, yes this is true. Mainly due to the nutrient rich yolk which is absorbed from their umbilicus, but can also be extended due to stress.
I have been reading on diff ways to get it to eat, with types of food and using garlic guard etc.
Good, you are taking initiative. There are several ways, and several items which can be used to trigger predatory responses and encourage consumption - even in the very timid.
Right now it is in a 4ft 33g tank, which is more then enough room for now,
Well, there is really no such thing as "more than enough" room, when you compare it to the home that they have available in the ocean, however for the time being, if the rest of the measurements of the tank are reasonable, then it is fine for the time being. But I have to ask, what are the dimensions of your tank exactly if it is only 33 gallons and 4 feet long?
yes I will move it to a larger tank.
Good, because as stated, you'll have to.
Right now I have the tank as a bare bottom, but will add sand eventually. Could that be affeting the shark?
No, not necessarily. A thick, smooth sand bed is always preferred with these animals, however having them in a bare bottom tank for a while should not cause any health concerns, so have no fear. Yes, it's less natural, and they prefer sandy beds, so I would advise you to look into the addition of one, but no, that would not be the reason for him not eating.
Also what type of filtration has anyone used on their shark tank?
Sharks are highly intolerant of poor water quality, so making sure that your water is pristine and your parameters are always in check is the first step to ensuring a healthy shark. UV filters are recommended, and you should also have a good cannister or sand filter as well (probably cannister or sump being that sand filters are generally made for much larger bodies of water and are rather expensive.). You also need to note that sharks require the addition of vital elements into the water - Iodine being a big one.
I was told this shark should only get around 2ft and that I could keep it in a 90g tank, which now I'm reading might not be true.
Yea, again, the idiots at the LFS lead you in the wrong direction - either from unacceptable ignorance, or intentionally, lacking all integrity. They get larger than that (not by a whole lot, but still), and they require a decently higher amount of living space.
Any info would be appreciated.
Well, I hope I gave you some that was of use to you.