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Polyodon spathula (Walbaum, 1792)
Mississippi paddlefish
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Image of Polyodon spathula (Mississippi paddlefish)
Polyodon spathula
Picture by Moreau, J.
Classification / Names
Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes) > Acipenseriformes (Sturgeons and paddlefishes) > Polyodontidae (Paddlefishes)
Common names | Synonyms | Catalog of Fishes (gen., sp.) | ITIS | CoL
Main reference
Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea and W.B. Scott. 1991. (Ref. 3814)
References | Biblio | Coordinator | Collaborators
Size / Weight / Age
Max length : 221 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 5723); common length : 120 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 12193); max. published weight: 90.7 kg (Ref. 3221); max. reported age: 55 years (Ref. 46974)
Environment
Freshwater; demersal; potamodromous (Ref. 51243); depth range 2 - ? m
Climate / Range
Temperate; 10°C - 18°C (Ref. 2060); 50°N - 30°N
Distribution
North America: Mississippi River system, including the Missouri River into Montana, the Ohio River, and their major tributaries. At least one country reports adverse ecological impact after introduction. International trade restricted (CITES II, since 11.6.92).
Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Introductions |
Biology
Glossary (e.g. epibenthic)
Inhabits slow-flowing water of large rivers, usually in water deeper than 1.3 m. Feeds on plankton. The extended upper jaw (= paddle) may help to channel plankton into the mouth. Threatened due to over harvesting, habitat loss and pollution (Ref. 58490).
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 84930)
Vulnerable (VU) (A3de)
Threat to humans
Human uses
Fisheries: commercial; aquarium: public aquariums
More information
Countries
FAO areas
Ecosystems
Occurrences
Introductions
Ecology
Diet
Food items
Food consumption
Ration
Common names
Synonyms
Metabolism
Predators
Ecotoxicology
Reproduction
Maturity
Spawning
Fecundity
Eggs
Egg development
Age/Size
Growth
Length-weight
Length-length
Length-frequencies
Morphometrics
Morphology
Larvae
Larval dynamics
Recruitment
Abundance
References
Aquaculture
Aquaculture profile
Strains
Genetics
Allele frequencies
Heritability
Diseases
Processing
Mass conversion
Collaborators
Pictures
Stamps
Sounds
Ciguatera
Speed
Swim. type
Gill area
Otoliths
Brains
Vision
Tools
Bio-Quiz | E-book | Field guide | Length-frequency wizard | Life-history tool | Point map | Classification Tree
Special reports
Check for Aquarium maintenance | Check for Species Fact Sheets | Check for Aquaculture Fact Sheets
Download XML
Summary page | Point data | Common names | Photos
Internet sources
Alien/Invasive Species database | BHL | BOLDSystems | Check for other websites | Check FishWatcher | CISTI | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO(fisheries: production, species profile; publication : search) | GenBank(genome, nucleotide) | GOBASE | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | ispecies | National databases | Public aquariums | PubMed | Scirus | Sea Around Us | SeaLifeBase | Tree of Life | uBio | uBio RSS | Wikipedia(Go, Search) | Zoological Record | Fishtrace
Estimation of some characteristics with mathematical models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82805)
PD50 = 1.2500 many relatives (e.g. carps) 0.5 - 2.0 few relatives (e.g. lungfishes)
Trophic Level (Ref. 69278)
3 s.e. 0.00 Based on diet studies.
Resilience (Ref. 69278)
Low, minimum population doubling time 4.5 - 14 years (tm=6-9; tmax=30)
Vulnerability (Ref. 59153)
Moderate vulnerability (41 of 100)
Price category (Ref. 80766)
For meat, caviar, and recreation.
Entered by Luna, Susan M.
Modified by Torres, Armi G.
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