I have the lights in my fishroom on timers...to simulate the natural day/night cycle...and to cut down on energy bills.
Keeping the lights on for 24-hours per day is not good for your fish. Disruptions to the day/night cycle have been shown to influence hormone levels, ability to synthesize proteins, and regulate body functions.
Here's an exerpt from an article (
http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/begin/DNA/clockgenes/):
Living organisms evolved an internal biological clock, called the Circadian rhythm, to help their bodies adapt to the daily cycle of day and night (light and dark) as the Earth rotates every 24 hours. The term 'circadian' comes from the Latin words for about (circa) a day (diem).
Circadian rhythms are controlled by "clock genes" that carry the genetic instructions to produce proteins. The levels of these proteins rise and fall in rhythmic patterns. These oscillating biochemical signals control various functions, including when we sleep and rest, and when we are awake and active. Circadian rhythms also control body temperature, heart activity, hormone secretion, blood pressure, oxygen consumption, metabolism and many other functions.
Daily cycles also regulate the levels of substances in our blood, including red blood cells, blood sugar, gases and ions such as potassium and sodium. Our internal clocks may even influence our mood, particularly in the form of wintertime depression known as seasonal affective disorder (SAD).
A biological clock has three parts: a way to receive light, temperature or other input from the environment to set the clock; the clock itself, which is a chemical timekeeping mechanism; and genes that help the clock control the activity of other genes.
In the last few decades, scientists have discovered the genes responsible for running the internal clocks:
period (
per),
clock (
clk),
cycle (
cyc),
timeless (
tim),
frequency (
frq),
doubletime (
dbt) and others.
Genes that control circadian rhythms have been found in organisms ranging from people to mice, fish, fruit flies, plants, molds and even single-celled, blue-green algae known as cyanobacteria.