according to your location, the outside temperature shouldn't be a problem for a channel cat! they are native to North America and as long as the water not frozen solid and there is enough air to breath, they will be fine!
Is the anal fin straight or rounded on your cat? It looks straight in the picture, which means you might actually have a true blue catfish (Ictalurus furcatus) on your hands rather than a channel cat (Ictalurus punctatus).
Josh H
One of my favorite cats. My younger brother has one in his Koi pond. It is about 2' long. The can withstand freezes. You just need to have a hole open in the ice.