If you've noticed a fish in the main tank with ick (or even in the bag with others), a quarantine tank is probably too late, you need to treat the entire main tank.
The white spots on fish are constantly shedding new young microscopic ick, that eventually will infect all fish in the tank unless they are wiped out. The young ick can sit dormant in the substrate for weeks before reinfecting, this is one of the reasons it is advised to raise temp, raised temp increases the life cycle allowing salt, or meds to get the ick while in its vulnerable stage.While on the fish meds are basically ineffective until they hatch off.
Another reason treatment should continue a couple weeks after the last spot has disappeared.
BTW I agree with Carpcharacin about the alkalinity (buffering capacity) being high, from your test results.
This also indicates the fish to avoid are soft water species (many gouramis, Amazonian cichlids and tetras fall into this category). In hard water (like yours) their health is not always going to be great, and they become very susceptible to diseases.