A persona; experience.
I acquired 3 Mayaheros beanii a number of years ago, all 3 looked good, for over a month, then one started deteriorating.
I was told (later) they had previously been in a tank where one fish had died of columnaris.
Within a month all 3 beanii were dead, so I dried out the tank, (but having been my 1st experience with columnaris) no other serious sterilization.
After a few months picked up some new fish, and into that tank they went.
Within another month, these new fish showed signs of columnaris, and were dead from it, or euthanized to prevent any cross contamination of other tanks.
I then bleached the entire tank, and any gear, and let it all sit outside for an entire Wisconsin winter.
Most of the fish I keep are/were hard to come by (not necessarily expensive) but not easily acquired. So these losses were not your every day, LFS species, sometimes months even years wait to find them.
At first normal appearance

later

then dead, and took a number of other fish along for the ride.
And as the article said, other wise healthy fish in the stressful process of transportation, or being added to a new environment can succumb to otherwise opportunistic infections, and in a closed system, become epidemic.