Some thoughts...
If the nitrates are staying that high, even with the frequent water changes, that indicates the tank is overstocked. Traces of ammonia indicate that the filtering may not be up to the task of the overstocked tank.
While that level of Nitrate, ammonia, or the medication alone should not have killed a common pleco, combine the stress of each factor, and the fish may be in trouble.
That also would explain the original finrot issue. Poor water conditions are also a common cause of finrot.
More water changes would help with the nitrate, more filtering would help with the ammonia, but real solution is more tank.
Sorry you lost such a nice fish
Ian