Controllers work for the opposite end of the heater dilemma. They serve the same purpose as the thermostat in a regular heater, but with much more reliability. Normal heaters have a metal thermostat that has a tendency to wear simply because of how it works.... expansion and contraction based on heat. The temp controller are digital and basically regulate the AC power supplied. If one of your heaters were to get stuck on, it wouldn't matter as the controller will shut it off as the temp reaches the appropriate setting. Most fish can do OK if a heater quits, but not if they are cooked.