carp = Cyprinus carpio
goldfish = Carassius auratus
Not even in the same genus.... carp can live in some pretty crapy water. (FYI Koi are carp.)
Living the length of the lifespan and living long enough to reproduce are 2 different things. Its that whole thrive vs survive thing. Goldfish spawn in waters about 50-55 degrees. I KNOW streams get that cold in Florida in the winter.
I don't know much about Mexico or California, but unless the goldfish have fluctuating temperatures that drop down to the 50's and come back up they don't successfully spawn. Where in Mexico are there established goldfish populations? Are they in the mountainous areas perhaps? I have never heard of goldfish established in Mexico.