bbrayer;3547686; said:Cool, thanks. Ok, if this species (atlantic ray) has large kidneys and produces a lot of urine and amonia, wouldnt that be the cause for small traces of amonia?
No. The beneficial bacteria colony grows as large as it can. The ammonia produced dictates how much bacteria grows. If it can continue to reproduce, it will. So, you should never have ammonia, because if your biological filter is where it should be, the bacteria will constantly be converting that ammonia to nitrite, and then more bacteria steps in and converts that nitrite to nitrate. That's what you remove with water changes -- the nitrate. I have about eight feet worth of fish in my pond, with no ammonia, so I know it can be done, no matter the fish. The bacteria population grows with ammonia levels so that all ammonia is being consumed.