There is no guarantee that there is any bacteria inside the bottle. These bacteria are aerobic, eventually they'd suffocate within that closed bottle. Not to mention there isn't a constant supply of ammonia. They'd have to find a way to keep the bacteria in some kind of suspended animation, and while some bacteria and viruses can "shut off" when conditions are less than optimal, the nitrifying bacteria in our tanks can't (otherwise canister filters wouldn't go toxic after a few hours of not running).
If you're starting a new tank, you just need an established filter to speed things up. Don't transfer any of the old water, there's no point in that, unless the nitrates are so high that your fish will die of shock when experiencing clean water. Just start anew, you're just putting nitrates into your tank.
If you're simply moving all the same fish from one tank to another, you can definitely just fill the new tank up with same temp water, put the established filters on it, put the same fish into the new set up, and everything should go as planned. There might be a tiny hitch in ammonia (because the old tank had BB all over the tank walls, decorations, gravel, etc), but the majority of the BB should be in the filters, simply because this is the area with the most influx of waste (unless you have a dirty gravel bed).
If you're trying to start a brand new tank with new fish, then you can use media from an old tank, but you still have to wait for the BB's numbers to reach high enough amounts for your planned stock.