sQwiReL;967204; said:
so if it is "live beneficial" bacteria... how does it stay alive in a sealed bag with no air?
sQwiReL;967204; said:
have you seen live rock when it rots? turns black right? stinks? how about live sand? open a bag of live sand recently?
Oh brother, Ok, alright, you asked for it, so here it goes:
Here i will start slowly for you, "Live Sand" is a term commonly used for substrates which have been collected and removed from natural marine bodies of water. Obviously the purpose of such being for use in the home/commercial aquarium. The sand is kept wet with natural sea water of which it was collected from, housed in a sealed bag or container to prevent evaporation (let me point out thogh that this is not the only way to purchase live sand, and many places also have bins (tanks) full of it for sale) . This sand is called "Live Sand" because it contains a plethora of macro and micro fauna. Within a typical collection you can find pieces of crushed coral, coral sand, shells, etc..... Still with me or should I back up for you?
Looking further into the "Live" components of the "Live Sand", I will list a few off for you and if I use too big of words, feel free to befriend your local dictionary. Aerobic as well as Anaerobic bacteria, Isopods, Annelids, Copepods, Nematodes, Mollusks, Forams, and other Crustaceans are all common residents within this sand as well as many many many more! The advantages of including live sand far outweigh any disadvantages you could come up with just to argue, so lets nix that now. First of all, it looks better than a bare, glass bottom or egg crate/etc. It also provides refuge for those fish that bury in the substrate and invertebrates that hide and reproduce in the sand. In turn, these invertebrates (Such as zooxanthellae bearing invertebrates), can provide an important food source for fish and invertebrates that feed on infaunal animals. Most importantly, the bacteria rich sand will help reduce ammonia to nitrite, nitrite to nitrate and the anaerobic forms will break this down into nitrous oxide, which will diffuse from the aquarium. The sand is a natural denitrifier, in that it will help to control the build-up waste product. It is also a great way to kick start a new aquarium with nitrifying bacteria. If that were not enough live sand will also help maintain your pH, alkalinity and calcium and strontium levels!
When it comes to "How alive is it really", well that can depend on a number of factors, from the bodies it was colected from, the collection technique that was used, how it was prepared and packaged, and how long it has to go before being re-introduced into a main body (I.E - your tank). The smell and appearance of live sand is far from the smell or appearance of uncured, decaying live rock, not to mention that their properties and process' (collection/shipping/prep/holding) are day/night from one another by standard, so offering that as a comparison does nothing but emphasize your lack of education and understanding of such an elementary, but vital part of a healthy system.
Unless you wanted to break out your microscope and run a cross-analysis of cultures from every bag, of every shipment, from every collection site, taking into consideration every environmental influence....too see your average "Live count" then there is no real way to determine the exact quality of what you get. But then again, you would also have to know the difference between quality vs. quantity (and several other aspects) when it comes to these little guys, which would mean you might want to take at least your most basic 101 in a few areas such as Microbiology, Parisitology, Bacteriology, Marine Ecology, your good ol M.Biology, and many many more in order to accurately research, and produce such data. Furthermore when looking into the classifications of bacteria, you should note that not all require high or even moderate levels of oxygen, and some require none in its pure form, not to mention that even those which do require it, are on a minute scale in comparison to other organisms, and if you want to get technical, fyi all those bags which hold the sand, are infused with oxygen when they are sealed. Everything has a balance and quite frankly, to save myself from getting into a long-winded lecture on microbiology, I will keep it at that - there is a balance in everything and where one dies, another is reproduced and waste is always broken down into new nutrients for others. There is always natural die off with nearly everything including rock and corals, but keeping in mind the number of bacteria and organisms within this sand number well into the billions, chances are you are still going to have "Live sand" in all essence of the word, by the time you purchase it and bring it home. There is so much more I could get into, and as much as I would love to continue this, I have things to do, so I will stop for now. Did that answer your questions?